function findVowels($string) {
// Define the vowels we're looking for (case-insensitive)
$vowels = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'];
// Initialize an empty array to store found vowels
$foundVowels = [];
// Loop through each character in the string
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($string); $i++) {
$char = strtolower($string[$i]); // Convert to lowercase for case-insensitive check
if (in_array($char, $vowels)) {
// If the character is a vowel, add it to the array
$foundVowels[] = $char;
}
}
// Return the array of found vowels
return $foundVowels;
}
// Example usage
$string = "This is a test string";
$vowelsFound = findVowels($string);
// Print the found vowels
echo "Vowels found in the string: " . implode(", ", $vowelsFound);
?>
```
Explanation:
1. `findVowels($string)` Function:
- Takes a string as input.
- Defines an array `$vowels` containing lowercase vowels.
- Creates an empty array `$foundVowels` to store the results.
2. Looping through the String:
- Uses a `for` loop to iterate through each character in the string.
- Converts each character to lowercase using `strtolower()` for case-insensitive comparison.
3. Checking for Vowels:
- Uses `in_array()` to check if the current character exists in the `$vowels` array.
- If it's a vowel, adds it to the `$foundVowels` array.
4. Returning the Result:
- Returns the `$foundVowels` array, containing all the vowels found in the input string.
5. Example Usage:
- Defines a sample string `$string`.
- Calls the `findVowels()` function to find the vowels in the string and stores the result in `$vowelsFound`.
- Uses `implode()` to join the vowels in the `$vowelsFound` array with commas and spaces, then prints the result.
This code will output:
```
Vowels found in the string: i, i, a, e, i, a, e
```