General terms:
* Translation: This is the most common and general term. It encompasses any process of converting text from one language to another.
* Transliteration: This refers to converting a word from one alphabet to another, while maintaining its pronunciation.
* Transcription: This refers to converting a word's sounds into written form, usually using a phonetic alphabet.
More specific terms:
* Interpretation: This implies a more nuanced understanding and rendering of the word, taking into account cultural context and meaning.
* Localization: This refers to adapting a word or phrase to fit the specific language and cultural norms of a target audience.
* Back-translation: This refers to translating a word back into its original language after it has been translated into another language.
The most appropriate term depends on the specific situation and what you are trying to convey.