General:
* exceed: to go beyond a limit
* except: not including
* exchange: to give something in return for something else
* excite: to make someone feel happy and enthusiastic
* exclude: to leave out
* excuse: a reason for not doing something
* execute: to carry out
* exercise: to do physical activity
* exhale: to breathe out
* exhibit: to show something publicly
* exist: to be real or alive
* exit: a way out of a place
* expand: to become larger
* expect: to think that something will happen
* expensive: costing a lot of money
* experience: something that happens to you
* experiment: to try something new
* expert: someone who knows a lot about something
* explain: to make something clear
* explode: to burst suddenly and violently
* explore: to travel to a place to learn about it
Specific:
* ex-husband: a man who is no longer married to someone
* ex-wife: a woman who is no longer married to someone
* ex-boyfriend: a man who is no longer dating someone
* ex-girlfriend: a woman who is no longer dating someone
* ex-employee: someone who used to work for a company
* ex-president: someone who used to be the president of a country
* ex-convict: someone who has been released from prison
Less Common:
* exanimate: not alive
* exasperate: to annoy someone very much
* exculpate: to clear someone of blame
* exhort: to strongly encourage someone
* exonerate: to officially declare someone not guilty
* exorbitant: unreasonably expensive
* exoteric: intended for the general public
* extinct: no longer existing
* extra: additional
* extraneous: not relevant
* extricate: to remove someone from a difficult situation
* exult: to feel great happiness or triumph
* exude: to give off a feeling or quality
This list isn't exhaustive, but it gives you a good starting point for words that begin with "ex." Remember, the prefix "ex" can have different meanings depending on the word.