1. Usage and Frequency:
* Widespread Use: A new word needs to be used frequently enough to demonstrate its importance and permanence in the language. It needs to appear across different media, including newspapers, books, magazines, online publications, and social media.
* Evidence of Usage: Lexicographers (dictionary makers) closely track how often words are used and in what contexts. They might use large language datasets, search engine data, and even social media analysis to monitor trends.
2. Meaning and Clarity:
* Clear Definition: The word must have a clear and distinct meaning, not just be a slang term or fleeting fad.
* Distinctive Usage: The word should be used in a way that distinguishes it from existing words with similar meanings.
3. Acceptance by the Language Community:
* Linguistic Community: While not a formal "approval" process, the word needs to gain acceptance by the broader language community. This means it should be used by diverse speakers and writers, not just a niche group.
* Public Awareness: If the word is widely discussed, debated, or otherwise in the public eye, it gains more visibility and potential for inclusion.
4. Dictionary Inclusion:
* Lexicographical Decisions: Ultimately, it's up to the lexicographers of various dictionaries to decide which new words are worthy of inclusion. They consider factors like the word's age, impact, and if it fills a gap in the language.
* Different Dictionaries: Different dictionaries may have different criteria for inclusion, and a new word might be added to one dictionary but not another.
Notable Examples:
* "Surfer" and "Skateboarder": These words, initially associated with specific subcultures, have become widely used and accepted, reflecting broader societal changes.
* "Emojis": The increasing use of emojis in digital communication has led to their inclusion in some dictionaries.
Important Note: The process isn't always straightforward. There are ongoing debates about the influence of internet slang and cultural trends on language, making the inclusion of new words a dynamic and complex topic.