Understanding Run-On Sentences
A run-on sentence occurs when two or more independent clauses (complete sentences) are joined together without proper punctuation or conjunctions. This results in a grammatically incorrect and often confusing sentence.
Methods for Combining Sentences
1. Use a Coordinating Conjunction:
* And, but, or, nor, for, so, yet: These words connect two independent clauses with a comma before the conjunction.
* Example: "The sun was setting, and the sky was ablaze with color."
2. Use a Subordinating Conjunction:
* Because, since, although, though, while, when, if, unless, after, before: These words introduce a dependent clause (incomplete sentence) that is joined to an independent clause.
* Example: "Since it was raining, we stayed inside."
3. Use a Semicolon:
* A semicolon can join two closely related independent clauses.
* Example: "The storm raged; the trees swayed violently."
4. Use a Colon:
* A colon can introduce a list, an explanation, or a quote following an independent clause.
* Example: "I have one goal: to finish this project."
5. Use a Dash:
* A dash can emphasize a thought or create a sudden shift in direction.
* Example: "The children were excited—they were going to the zoo."
Tips for Combining Sentences Effectively
* Vary Sentence Length: Don't combine every sentence. Mix short and long sentences for better flow and emphasis.
* Consider Meaning: Combine sentences that logically relate to each other.
* Use Transitions: Words like "however," "furthermore," "in addition," "on the other hand," and "as a result" can help create smoother transitions between combined sentences.
Practice
The best way to learn is to practice! Try combining sentences from your own writing or from published texts. Be sure to consider the meaning and flow of the sentences before you join them together.
Examples
* Original: The storm raged. The trees swayed violently.
* Combined: The storm raged; the trees swayed violently.
* Original: I was tired. I went to bed early.
* Combined: Because I was tired, I went to bed early.
* Original: He was a talented musician. He played the guitar and the piano.
* Combined: He was a talented musician: he played the guitar and the piano.
Remember, combining sentences effectively adds sophistication and clarity to your writing. Practice, experiment, and don't be afraid to revise your work until it flows smoothly!