The QWERTY keyboard layout itself was designed by Christopher Latham Sholes in the late 1800s. It was initially meant to slow down typists, preventing the typebars on early mechanical typewriters from jamming.
The arrangement was not based on any scientific principles, and it was not intended to be an efficient typing layout. However, it became widely adopted and eventually standardized, making the term "QWERTY" synonymous with the keyboard layout itself.