* Emphasizing the absurdity of inherited power: Paine uses phrases like "the hereditary right of kings," "the natural right of man," and "the right of succession," to directly contrast the concept of inherited power with what he considers the natural right of all humans to self-governance. He mocks the notion that birth alone confers authority, calling it "a thing of chance," and comparing it to the idea of "being born a king."
* Framing the king as a "father" figure: Paine uses the metaphor of a father to highlight the absurdity of the relationship. He argues that the king, like a father, is supposed to protect and care for his subjects, yet his actions are often self-serving and detrimental. He writes, "Government, like dress, is the badge of lost innocence," implying that the king's power is a consequence of our collective fall from grace, not a natural state.
* Contrasting the king with the "people": Paine uses terms like "the people," "the community," and "the public good" to emphasize the collective nature of society. He argues that the king is an outsider, a "ruler" who exists separate from the people. He writes, "Society is produced by our wants, and government by our wickedness," further undermining the idea that the king is a natural and necessary part of society.
* Appealing to reason and common sense: Paine uses clear, concise language and avoids complex philosophical arguments, relying on simple logic and practical examples. He asks his readers to consider the absurdity of the king-subject relationship using everyday scenarios and common sense observations. He writes, "A simple people, like simple manners, produce simplicity in government."
By using these rhetorical strategies, Paine successfully casts doubt on the legitimacy of monarchy and encourages his readers to embrace the principles of self-government and individual liberty. He emphasizes that the distinction between king and subject is a construct, not a natural order, and ultimately, the people are the source of all legitimate power.