Here's the breakdown:
* Facere (Latin) - To make, to do
* Factum (Latin) - A thing made, a deed
* Factor (Latin) - A doer, an agent
Over time, the meaning of "factor" evolved to refer to something that contributes to a result or outcome. This is where we see the modern usage of the word, like in:
* Factors influencing a decision: Things that contribute to the decision being made.
* Risk factors: Things that increase the likelihood of something happening.
* Production factors: Resources used to produce goods and services.
So, the word "factor" ultimately stems from the idea of "making" or "doing," and reflects how things contribute to an outcome.