Explicit Clues:
* Direct Definitions: These are the most straightforward. The word or phrase is followed by "is" or "means" and then the definition.
* Example: "A palindrome is a word or phrase that reads the same backward as forward."
* Parenthetical Explanations: The definition is enclosed in parentheses or brackets after the word or phrase.
* Example: "The fauna (animals) of the rainforest are diverse and fascinating."
* Appositives: A noun or phrase that renames or explains another noun or phrase.
* Example: "The chimpanzee, a highly intelligent primate, is known for its tool-making abilities."
Implicit Clues:
* Context Clues: The meaning of the unknown word can be inferred from the surrounding words and sentences.
* Example: "The arid desert landscape lacked vegetation and water sources." (The context of "desert landscape" and "lacked vegetation" suggests that "arid" means dry.)
* Examples: The text provides examples of what the word means.
* Example: " Ephemeral things, such as a dewdrop or a butterfly's lifespan, are short-lived." (The examples of "dewdrop" and "butterfly's lifespan" illustrate what "ephemeral" means.)
* Synonyms and Antonyms: The text uses words with similar or opposite meanings to help you understand the word.
* Example: "The audacious thief robbed the bank in broad daylight, while the timid bystander watched in shock." (The contrast between "audacious" and "timid" suggests that "audacious" means bold or daring.)
Other Helpful Techniques:
* Word Parts: Breaking down the word into its parts (prefix, root, suffix) can sometimes provide clues to its meaning.
* Example: "The biosphere is the part of the Earth where life exists." (The root "bio" suggests a relationship to life.)
Remember:
* Not all words will have an explicit definition provided.
* You may need to combine different types of clues to understand the meaning of a word.
* Don't be afraid to use a dictionary or thesaurus if you are unsure of a word's meaning.