Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS)
* For: Indicates a reason or explanation (e.g., "It was raining, for the sky was dark.")
* And: Indicates addition or continuation (e.g., "The dog barked, and the cat hissed.")
* Nor: Indicates a negative continuation (e.g., "He didn't study, nor did he pay attention in class.")
* But: Indicates a contrast or opposition (e.g., "The sun was shining, but it was cold.")
* Or: Indicates an alternative or choice (e.g., "You can go to the movies, or you can stay home.")
* Yet: Indicates a contrast that emphasizes the second part of the sentence (e.g., "He was tired, yet he kept working.")
* So: Indicates a result or consequence (e.g., "She was hungry, so she ate a sandwich.")
Subordinating Conjunctions
* After: Indicates time sequence (e.g., "After the movie ended, we went out for ice cream.")
* Although: Indicates contrast (e.g., "Although she was tired, she went for a walk.")
* Because: Indicates cause or reason (e.g., "He was late because he missed the bus.")
* Before: Indicates time sequence (e.g., "Before we left, we said goodbye.")
* If: Indicates a condition (e.g., "If you study hard, you will succeed.")
* Since: Indicates time or reason (e.g., "Since it's raining, we should stay inside.")
* Unless: Indicates a condition (e.g., "Unless you finish your homework, you can't go out.")
* Until: Indicates time (e.g., "We waited until the bus arrived.")
* When: Indicates time (e.g., "When the bell rang, everyone ran out of the classroom.")
* While: Indicates simultaneous actions (e.g., "While I was cooking, she cleaned the dishes.")
Note: When using a coordinating conjunction, you simply place it between the two independent clauses. When using a subordinating conjunction, you place it at the beginning of the dependent clause and then follow it with a comma if the dependent clause comes first in the sentence.