1. Proper Nouns:
* People: John, Mary, Queen Elizabeth II
* Places: London, Mount Everest, the Pacific Ocean
* Organizations: Google, NASA, United Nations
* Titles: President Biden, Professor Smith, Doctor Jones
* Days of the Week and Months: Monday, December
* Holidays: Christmas, Thanksgiving, Diwali
2. Beginning of Sentences: Capitalize the first letter of the first word in a sentence.
3. Importance: Capitalization can sometimes be used to emphasize or highlight a specific word or phrase, especially in titles and headings.
4. Acronyms: Capitalize all the letters of an acronym, especially when it represents a proper noun. e.g., NATO, FBI, USA.
5. Titles of Works: Capitalize the first letter of important words in titles of books, movies, articles, etc.
6. Formal Writing: Capitalization is generally more common in formal writing, like academic papers, legal documents, and business letters.
7. Cultural Conventions: Capitalization can be used to show respect for certain cultural practices, such as capitalizing the names of deities or religious figures.
8. Internet Culture: In online contexts, capitalization is often used for emphasis or shouting, especially when written in all caps.
9. Abbreviations: Some abbreviations are always capitalized, like Dr., Mr., Mrs., Ms., etc.
10. Specific Cases: Certain words, such as "I," are always capitalized, regardless of their position in a sentence.
It's important to note that capitalization rules can vary slightly across different languages and writing styles. It's helpful to refer to style guides for specific situations.