Here's a breakdown:
Language:
* Definition: A system of communication that uses symbols, such as words, to express ideas, thoughts, and feelings.
* Forms: Can be written, spoken, or signed.
* Structure: Has rules of grammar, syntax, and semantics.
* Examples: English, Spanish, Mandarin Chinese, American Sign Language.
Speech:
* Definition: The vocal production of language.
* Form: The physical act of speaking.
* Components: Involves articulation, pronunciation, intonation, and rhythm.
* Examples: The sound of someone speaking a sentence, the rhythm of a poem being read aloud.
Here's an analogy:
Think of language as a recipe book. It contains all the ingredients and instructions for creating a dish (communication). Speech is the act of cooking the dish using those ingredients and instructions.
Key Differences:
* Modality: Language can be written, spoken, or signed, while speech is strictly vocal.
* Complexity: Language encompasses grammar, syntax, and semantics, while speech focuses on the physical production of sound.
* Accessibility: Language can be understood by people who cannot speak, while speech is only accessible to those who can produce vocal sounds.
In conclusion: Speech is a way of expressing language, but it's not the only way. Language is a broader concept that includes written, signed, and even nonverbal forms of communication.