It's important to note that:
* Mexico City was established by the Aztecs in 1325 and conquered by the Spanish in 1521.
* Other major Spanish-speaking cities in 1550 included Seville (Spain), Lima (Peru), and Santiago (Chile), but they were significantly smaller than Mexico City.
While it's difficult to pinpoint the exact population figures from that time period, Mexico City was undoubtedly the largest Spanish-speaking urban center in the world in 1550.