These languages are known as Romance languages because they evolved from Vulgar Latin, the spoken language of the common people in the Roman Empire, as opposed to the formal, literary Latin.
Here's a simplified breakdown:
* Latin: The original language spoken in ancient Rome.
* Vulgar Latin: The everyday spoken language of the Roman Empire.
* Romance languages: Languages that evolved from Vulgar Latin, including French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian, and many others.