Exports:
* Natural Resources:
* Gold: The Philippines was known for its rich gold deposits, and this precious metal was a highly prized commodity in trade.
* Beeswax: Used in various industries, beeswax was another important export.
* Pearl: The Philippines had abundant pearl resources, contributing to the pearl trade network.
* Timber: Various types of hardwoods were exported for shipbuilding and construction.
* Rattan and Bamboo: Used for furniture, baskets, and other crafts.
* Exotic Woods: For carvings and furniture.
* Agricultural Products:
* Rice: While the Philippines was a rice-producing region, they also traded rice with other areas.
* Fruits: Mangoes, bananas, and other tropical fruits were popular export items.
* Sugar: Sugarcane was cultivated and traded in the region.
* Betel Nut: A stimulant chewed in many parts of Asia, betel nut was a common trade good.
* Manufactured Goods:
* Textiles: Woven fabrics from cotton, silk, and abaca (Manila hemp) were traded widely.
* Metalware: Iron and bronze tools, weapons, and jewelry were produced and traded.
* Ceramics: Pottery and earthenware were produced and traded, some with unique designs.
* Ships: The Filipinos were skilled shipbuilders and traded their vessels.
Import:
* Spices: From countries like Indonesia, the Philippines imported spices like cloves, nutmeg, and cinnamon.
* Textiles: Silk and other fine fabrics were imported from China and India.
* Ceramics: The Philippines imported ceramics from China, particularly blue-and-white porcelain.
* Metalware: Iron and bronze goods were also imported from China.
* Religious Goods: Buddhist and Islamic artifacts and texts were traded.
Trade Routes:
* The early Filipinos traded with neighboring Southeast Asian countries, as well as with China, India, and other parts of Asia.
* They used maritime trade routes, including the South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca.
It's important to note that the specific products traded varied over time and location, depending on the resources, skills, and demand of different regions. The early Filipinos played an active role in a vibrant network of trade throughout Asia.