Here's why both groups wanted a treaty:
Maori perspective:
* Protection of their sovereignty: Māori chiefs wanted to retain their own autonomy and governance over their lands and resources. The Treaty was seen as a way to ensure that Pākehā would respect their rights and not simply take over their territory.
* Access to new technology and trade: Maori recognised the benefits of interacting with Pākehā, particularly their advancements in technology, medicine, and trade. The Treaty was seen as a way to facilitate mutually beneficial exchange.
* Maintaining peace: Maori were aware of the potential for conflict with Pākehā, particularly given their growing numbers and influence. The Treaty was seen as a way to establish a peaceful and collaborative relationship.
Pakeha perspective:
* Securing land and resources: Pākehā saw the Treaty as a way to gain access to the abundant land and resources of New Zealand, which they were eager to exploit for economic gain.
* Ensuring peace and stability: The arrival of increasing numbers of Pākehā settlers was creating tension with Māori. The Treaty was seen as a way to establish a framework for peaceful co-existence and prevent potential conflict.
* Establishing a legitimate government: Pākehā also wanted to legitimize their presence in New Zealand and establish a stable government that could protect their interests.
However, it's important to note that:
* There were significant misunderstandings surrounding the Treaty: Different interpretations of the language and legal terms used in the Treaty created conflicting expectations and ultimately led to disagreements about land ownership and governance.
* The Treaty did not effectively address the power imbalance between Māori and Pākehā: Pākehā had a significant advantage in terms of technology, military strength, and economic resources, which allowed them to gradually undermine Māori rights and seize control of land and resources.
Overall, both Māori and Pākehā wanted a treaty for different reasons, but ultimately, it failed to achieve the desired outcome of peaceful co-existence and mutual respect. It instead set the stage for a long and complex history of conflict and negotiation over land rights, governance, and cultural identity.