1. Using Natural Ingredients:
* Water and Clay: This was the most common method. Māori would use freshwater from rivers or streams to rinse their hair, often combining it with clay. Different types of clay, such as white or red clay, were believed to have specific properties for hair health.
* Plant Extracts: They used extracts from various plants, like flax (harakeke), kawakawa, and manuka, to cleanse and condition their hair. These extracts were often mixed with water or oil.
* Oils: Coconut oil and other plant-based oils were used for conditioning and adding shine to the hair.
2. Techniques:
* Washing: Māori would wash their hair by rubbing the clay or plant extract into their scalp and hair, then rinsing thoroughly with water.
* Combing: They used combs made from wood or bone to detangle and style their hair.
3. Rituals and Significance:
* Hair as a Symbol of Identity: Hair was considered a sacred part of a person's identity and connected to their spiritual essence.
* Ceremonial Washing: Special occasions like weddings and funerals often involved specific hair washing rituals.
Modern Practices:
While many Māori still use some of the traditional methods, contemporary hair care also involves incorporating modern products and techniques. However, the cultural significance of hair remains important, and many continue to value natural and traditional practices.
It's important to note that these are general descriptions and specific details might vary between different iwi (tribes) and regions.