However, there have been periods where English proficiency was a factor in immigration policy, but not always a strict requirement:
* Early 1900s: The Literacy Test Act of 1917 required immigrants over 16 years old to be able to read and write in any language. This was largely aimed at limiting immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe. This act was eventually repealed in 1952.
* Present day: While there is no specific reading and writing English test for immigration, English language proficiency can be a factor in the visa application process. For example, some visas require demonstration of English skills, and knowledge of English can be considered an asset during the application process.
It's important to note:
* The focus has shifted towards English speaking ability rather than written proficiency.
* Many immigrants have arrived and learned English after settling in the US.
* The US has a diverse population with many languages spoken, making it difficult to enforce a universal English literacy requirement.
Therefore, while English proficiency is encouraged and can be beneficial, it has not always been a strict requirement for entering the US.