Here's a breakdown:
* Slovene: The majority of the population in Carniola at the time were Slovene-speaking. This was the primary language of daily life, administration, and culture.
* German: German was the language of the Habsburg administration and was used in official contexts. It was also spoken by a significant German-speaking minority, mainly concentrated in urban centers and along the border with Austria.
* Hungarian: A small Hungarian-speaking population existed in the southeastern parts of Carniola, particularly in the area around the town of Črni Kal.
It's important to note that the linguistic situation in Carniola in 1848 was complex and evolving. The Slovene national awakening was gaining momentum, and Slovene was increasingly used in public life. However, German remained the language of power and prestige.
Therefore, while Slovene was the most widely spoken language in Carniola, German still held a significant presence, especially in official and upper-class circles.