Here's a breakdown of what "Portuguese" refers to:
People:
* Ethnic Portuguese: Individuals whose ancestry and cultural heritage can be traced back to Portugal. This includes people living in Portugal and those who have emigrated to other countries.
* Portuguese Citizens: People who hold Portuguese nationality, regardless of their ethnicity or place of birth.
Nation:
* Portuguese Nation: Refers to the collective identity of the Portuguese people, encompassing their shared history, culture, language, and national values.
Culture:
* Portuguese Culture: A rich and diverse tapestry that includes:
* Language: Portuguese, a Romance language spoken by over 250 million people worldwide.
* Literature: Famous writers like Fernando Pessoa, José Saramago, and Luís de Camões.
* Music: Fado, a melancholic genre known for its passionate vocals.
* Cuisine: From seafood dishes like Bacalhau (salt cod) to pastries like Pastel de Nata.
* Art: Influenced by Roman, Moorish, and Renaissance styles.
* Festivals and Traditions: Festas, religious processions, and celebrations like the São João Festival.
History:
* History of Portugal: A fascinating journey from its founding in 1139, through periods of exploration, empire building, and cultural achievements, to its present status as a member of the European Union.
It's important to note that the term "Portuguese" can encompass various aspects of the Portuguese identity, including ethnicity, nationality, culture, and history.