Whare (House):
* Whare Pā (Fortified House): These were large communal houses built for defense, often with palisades and moats surrounding them. They served as a place for families and warriors to live and defend themselves during times of conflict.
* Whare Runanga (Meeting House): These were large, intricately carved houses used for gatherings, ceremonies, and decision making.
* Whare Moana (Sea House): These were smaller houses designed for living near the coast, with access to fishing and sailing.
* Whare Kura (School House): These were houses used for teaching and learning, especially for young boys.
* Whare Noho (Dwelling House): These were smaller, more private houses used for everyday living.
Other Shelters:
* Hīnaki (Storehouse): These were small, raised structures used to store food and other important items.
* Wharenui (Guest House): These were houses built to accommodate visitors.
* Kāinga (Village): A collection of houses and other buildings that formed a community.
Materials Used:
The Maori used a variety of natural materials to build their shelters, including:
* Totara, Kauri, and Rimu wood: These durable woods were used for framing, flooring, and roofing.
* Tī Kōuka (Cabbage Tree): Used for thatching roofs and weaving mats.
* Tāwhai (Flax): Used for weaving mats, clothing, and other items.
* Stone: Used for building foundations and hearths.
* Mud and clay: Used for plastering walls and floors.
The specific type of shelter used by the Maori people varied widely across different regions and tribes, reflecting their unique environments and cultural practices.