1. "Are" as in "They are happy":
* "Eles são felizes." (Formal)
* "Eles estão felizes." (Informal)
2. "Are" as in "What are you doing?":
* "O que você está fazendo?" (Informal)
* "O que você está a fazer?" (Formal, more common in European Portuguese)
3. "Are" as in "There are 3 apples":
* "Há 3 maçãs." (Literally "There are 3 apples")
* "Existem 3 maçãs." (More formal)
4. "Are" as in "You are beautiful":
* "Você é bonita." (Formal)
* "Tu és bonita." (Informal)
It's important to note that in Portuguese, the verb "to be" (ser or estar) is conjugated according to the subject and the context.
For example:
* "Eu sou" (I am)
* "Tu és" (You are - informal)
* "Ele/Ela/Você é" (He/She/You are - formal)
* "Nós somos" (We are)
* "Vós sois" (You are - formal plural, less common)
* "Eles/Elas são" (They are)
I hope this helps!