* The Norman Conquest (1066): After William the Conqueror's victory, French became the language of the ruling class, including the courts. This was primarily because the Norman nobility spoke French, and English was considered the language of the lower classes.
* The Growth of English: Over time, English gradually gained prominence. This was due to several factors, including:
* The rise of a middle class that spoke English.
* The growing influence of English literature and culture.
* The development of a strong English legal system.
* The Statute of Pleading (1362): This was a significant milestone. It required legal proceedings in English, though it allowed for pleadings in French if necessary.
* The reign of Henry V (1413-1422): Henry V was a strong proponent of English language and culture. He further encouraged the use of English in the courts.
* The decline of the use of French in legal proceedings: By the 15th century, French was rarely used in legal proceedings. The use of English became the norm.
Therefore, it was not a sudden decision but a gradual shift, influenced by cultural, political, and social factors. By the end of the 15th century, English had become the dominant language of the courts.
It's important to note: Some aspects of legal terminology still retain traces of French influence, reflecting the historical legacy of the Norman Conquest.