What is past and participle of are?

The verb "are" is the present tense form of the verb "to be". It doesn't have a past tense or past participle form on its own.

Here's why:

* "Are" is the present tense, plural form of "to be". It's used for plural subjects (e.g., "They are happy").

* The past tense of "to be" depends on the subject. For plural subjects, the past tense is "were".

* The past participle of "to be" is "been".

So, the equivalent of "are" in the past tense is "were" and the past participle is "been."