* Framework: The frame was typically made of flexible saplings bent into a dome shape and lashed together at the top. Sometimes tree branches or reeds were used.
* Covering:
* Bark: Birch bark was a popular covering, especially in regions where birch trees were abundant. It was often peeled in large sheets and sewn together.
* Animal hides: Buffalo hides, deer hides, and other animal hides were also used for covering. They were often stretched and sewn together, creating a durable and water-resistant layer.
* Mats: Woven mats made from reeds, rushes, or grasses were used in some areas, particularly in warmer climates.
* Thatch: Bundles of grass or other plant material were sometimes used for covering.
Important Note: The materials and construction methods varied significantly between different Native American tribes. There was no single "standard" wigwam design.