* English: His native language.
* French: He learned French from a French sailor and used it extensively in his studies and work.
* Spanish: He studied Spanish to understand the navigational practices of Spanish sailors.
* Latin: He studied Latin to understand the writings of ancient mathematicians and astronomers.
* Greek: He had a working knowledge of Greek, which he likely learned to read scientific texts.
* German: He was known to have read German scientific texts, suggesting some proficiency in the language.
* Italian: He likely had at least a basic understanding of Italian, given its importance in scientific and cultural circles at the time.
He also likely had some knowledge of other languages, given his interest in navigation and global trade. His self-education and linguistic abilities contributed to his groundbreaking work in navigation and mathematics.