1. Durability and Hardness: Greenstone is a tough, durable stone that holds a sharp edge well. This made it ideal for crafting weapons, tools, and ornaments.
2. Beauty and Aesthetics: Greenstone comes in a variety of colours and patterns, from deep green to black and even shades of brown and grey. The Māori appreciated its beauty and used it to create intricate carvings and adornments.
3. Spiritual Significance: Greenstone holds significant spiritual importance in Māori culture. It is believed to possess a "mauri" (life force) and is connected to the earth and ancestors.
4. Availability and Accessibility: Greenstone was relatively abundant in specific locations, primarily on the South Island of New Zealand. It was accessible to Māori, who used it for a wide range of purposes.
5. Trading and Prestige: Greenstone was a valuable commodity, used for trade and barter. Possessing greenstone objects demonstrated status, wealth, and connections within the community.
6. Symbolic Value: Greenstone held specific symbolic meanings within Māori culture. For example, greenstone pendants (hei tiki) were often worn to represent ancestors or gods, symbolizing protection and guidance.
7. Practical Uses: Beyond weaponry and ornaments, greenstone was used for practical purposes. For instance, it was used to make adzes (tools for carving wood) and other tools for everyday tasks.
In summary, the Māori's use of greenstone stemmed from a combination of its practical qualities, aesthetic appeal, spiritual significance, and symbolic value. It played a crucial role in Māori society, shaping their culture, economy, and beliefs.