Uppercase | Lowercase | Pronunciation | English Approximation
---|---|---|---|
А | а | /a/ | a
Б | б | /b/ | b
В | в | /v/ | v
Г | г | /ɡ/ | g
Д | д | /d/ | d
Е | е | /je/ | ye
Ё | ё | /jo/ | yo
Ж | ж | /ʒ/ | zh
З | з | /z/ | z
И | и | /i/ | i
Й | й | /j/ | y
К | к | /k/ | k
Л | л | /l/ | l
М | м | /m/ | m
Н | н | /n/ | n
О | о | /o/ | o
П | п | /p/ | p
Р | р | /r/ | r
С | с | /s/ | s
Т | т | /t/ | t
У | у | /u/ | u
Ф | ф | /f/ | f
Х | х | /x/ | kh
Ц | ц | /ts/ | ts
Ч | ч | /tʃ/ | ch
Ш | ш | /ʃ/ | sh
Щ | щ | /ʃtʃ/ | shch
Ы | ы | /ɨ/ | uh (as in "fur")
Ь | ь | /ʲ/ (soft sign, no sound on its own) |
Э | э | /ɛ/ | e (as in "bed")
Ю | ю | /ju/ | yu
Я | я | /ja/ | ya
Important Notes:
* Soft Sign (Ь): The soft sign doesn't have its own sound, but it softens the consonant preceding it.
* Hard Sign (Ъ): The hard sign also doesn't have its own sound, but it prevents the preceding consonant from softening.
* Vowels: Russian vowels can be pronounced slightly differently depending on their position in a word and the surrounding consonants.
* Stress: Stress is important in Russian. It is usually on the penultimate syllable, but there are exceptions.
* Sound Combinations: Combinations of letters, such as "щ" and "ч," represent single sounds.
If you're learning Russian, it's helpful to find a resource that explains the sounds of the letters in more detail. Many online resources and apps are available for learning Russian.