1. The mountain: "Taranaki" most commonly refers to Mount Taranaki, a prominent volcano on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand.
2. The region: "Taranaki" can also refer to the Taranaki region, a geographical area in the North Island surrounding Mount Taranaki.
3. The people: "Taranaki" sometimes refers to the Taranaki people, an iwi (tribe) associated with the region and the mountain.
4. The language: "Taranaki" can sometimes refer to a dialect of Māori spoken in the Taranaki region.
So, the meaning of "Taranaki" is specific to the context it's used in.