Here's a breakdown:
* Babylonian influence: The Babylonians developed a seven-day week, with each day dedicated to a different celestial body. Saturday was associated with the planet Saturn, which they called "Ninib" (meaning "Lord of the South").
* Roman adaptation: The Romans adopted the Babylonian system, but they named the days after their own gods. Saturn's day became "Dies Saturni" in Latin, which translates to "Saturn's Day".
* Christian influence: With the spread of Christianity, the day continued to be known as "Saturn's Day" but gradually shifted to "Sabbath" in many languages, due to its association with the Jewish Sabbath.
* English adoption: In Old English, "Sæternesdæg" (meaning "Saturn's Day") became the common name, which eventually evolved into "Saturday".
So, while the day's origin is rooted in Babylonian stargazing, its modern name is a blend of Roman, Christian, and English linguistic influences.