* English is a Germanic language. It evolved from Proto-Germanic, which was spoken by people who migrated to Britain around the 5th century AD.
* The British Isles had existing languages. Before the Germanic tribes arrived, the inhabitants of Britain spoke various Celtic languages, like Brittonic.
* Languages are constantly changing. Proto-Germanic itself came from an earlier language, Proto-Indo-European, and so on. It's like a family tree, with branches leading back to older and older ancestors.
So, to answer your question more precisely:
* The language spoken in Britain *before* English was a mix of Celtic languages.
* The language *that evolved into* English was Proto-Germanic.
Let me know if you want to delve deeper into the history of English!