Why are there no capital letters in Arabic?

That's a common misconception! Arabic does have capital letters, but they are not used in the same way as in English or other Latin-based alphabets.

Here's the breakdown:

* No Capitalization for Sentences: In Arabic, there's no convention of capitalizing the first letter of a sentence. Instead, the distinction between lowercase and uppercase is primarily for emphasis and aesthetic purposes.

* Forms of Letters: The Arabic alphabet is primarily cursive. Some letters have a slightly different shape at the beginning, middle, and end of a word. These variations are not always considered uppercase or lowercase, but rather different "forms" of the same letter. These forms are often used for emphasis or visual clarity.

* Titles and Names: While there's no standard capitalization rule in Arabic like in English, some titles and names may be written with a larger, more prominent form of the letter for emphasis, much like we might use italics or bold in English.

So, Arabic doesn't lack capital letters entirely. They exist, but their use differs from English and other Latin-based alphabets, and they are primarily used for emphasis and aesthetic purposes rather than grammatical structure.