1. *Don Quixote* by Miguel de Cervantes (1605): This satirical novel is often considered the first modern novel. It revolutionized storytelling with its complex characters, realistic portrayal of life, and exploration of themes like idealism, reality, and the power of imagination.
2. *Leviathan* by Thomas Hobbes (1651): This political treatise laid the groundwork for modern political philosophy. It argued for a strong, centralized government as the only way to prevent chaos and maintain order.
3. *The Pilgrim's Progress* by John Bunyan (1678): This allegorical novel, written while Bunyan was imprisoned for his religious beliefs, is a classic of Christian literature. It uses a journey metaphor to illustrate the Christian life and the struggles of faith.
4. *Observations Upon Experimental Philosophy* by Robert Boyle (1660): This work was instrumental in the development of the scientific method. Boyle emphasized the importance of empirical evidence and experimentation in scientific inquiry.
5. *The Essays of Francis Bacon* (1625): These essays, a collection of Bacon's thoughts on various subjects, were groundbreaking for their focus on empirical observation and their clear and concise writing style.
6. *The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England* by Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon (1649): This comprehensive account of the English Civil War is considered a masterpiece of historical writing. It offers valuable insights into the political and social upheavals of the time.
7. *The Diary of Samuel Pepys* (1660-1669): Though not originally intended for publication, Pepys' diary provides a fascinating glimpse into daily life in Restoration England. It is also significant for its literary qualities, including vivid descriptions and insightful observations.
Ultimately, the "most influential" work depends on your specific criteria. Each of these works had a profound impact on literature, science, politics, and society, making it impossible to choose just one.