Historically:
* Preservation of their culture and language: Basque culture and language are unique, predating modern European languages. This distinct identity has been a core part of their struggle.
* Autonomy and self-determination: Throughout history, the Basque people have sought greater autonomy from the surrounding kingdoms and later, from Spain and France.
* Resistance to assimilation: The Basque people have resisted attempts by Spain and France to assimilate them into the dominant cultures.
* Economic justice: The Basque Country has historically been a region with significant economic disparity, with Basque people often struggling for fair treatment and representation in the economic system.
More recently:
* Political and territorial self-determination: This has taken the form of various political movements, including the ETA (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, Basque Homeland and Freedom). ETA was a militant group advocating for an independent Basque state.
* Peace and reconciliation: After decades of violence, the Basque people have sought peace and reconciliation, particularly following ETA's disarmament in 2010. This has led to efforts to address the legacy of the conflict and build a peaceful future.
* Cultural and linguistic revitalization: Continued efforts to preserve and promote the Basque language and culture are ongoing, with a focus on education, media, and cultural events.
* Social justice and environmental protection: The Basque people are increasingly involved in social justice and environmental movements, advocating for equality, sustainability, and a fair and equitable society.
It's important to note that the Basque people are not a monolithic group. There are various perspectives and approaches to the issues they face, and the specific goals of Basque organizations and individuals can vary. However, the core themes of preserving their unique culture and language, seeking greater autonomy, and achieving social justice are common threads that run through many Basque struggles.