For present tense:
* هُوَ / هِيَ / هُمَ / هِنّ / إنتَ / إنتِ / إنتُم / إنتن / (huwa/hiya/hum/hinn/inta/inti/intum/intan) + "شُكْلُ" (shukl) or "شُكْلُهُمْ" (shuklhum) : This is the most common way to express "are" in Iraqi Arabic. It literally translates to "they are of the form/shape."
* Example: "هُوَ شُكْلُ حِلُو" (Huwa shukl hilo) - He is handsome.
* هُوَ / هِيَ / هُمَ / هِنّ / إنتَ / إنتِ / إنتُم / إنتن + "مِنْ" (min) : This is another common way to express "are" in Iraqi Arabic. It literally translates to "they are from."
* Example: "هِيَ مِنْ بَغْدَاد" (Hiya min Baghdad) - She is from Baghdad.
* "عَال" (al) + "شُكْلُ" (shukl): This is used to express "are" with the verb "to be" in the present tense.
* Example: "عَال شُكْلُ حِلُو" (al shukl hilo) - You are handsome.
For past tense:
* "كَانَ / كَانَتْ / كَانُوا" (kana/kanat/kanu) + "شُكْلُ" (shukl) or "شُكْلُهُمْ" (shuklhum): This is used to express "were" in the past tense.
* Example: "كَانَ شُكْلُ زَوْجِهَا حِلُو" (kana shukl zawjiha hilo) - Her husband was handsome.
For future tense:
* "راح" (raah) + "يصير" (yseer) + "شُكْلُ" (shukl) : This is used to express "will be" in the future tense.
* Example: "راح يصير شُكْلُه حِلُو" (raah yseer shuklhu hilo) - He will be handsome.
Important notes:
* The exact translation of "are" can vary based on context and dialect.
* Iraqi Arabic uses different grammatical structures and word order than standard Arabic.
* It's important to consider the entire sentence and the speaker's intention when translating "are."
It's always helpful to learn from native Iraqi speakers to get a more accurate understanding of their language.