Formal:
* Quelle est sa couleur ? (This is the most direct translation and is appropriate for formal situations.)
Informal:
* De quelle couleur est-ce ? (This is a more common way to ask the question in informal situations.)
* C'est de quelle couleur ? (This is another informal option, which literally translates to "It's of what color?")
Note: You can also use "la couleur" instead of "sa couleur" in the formal option if you want to emphasize the colour itself.
For example:
* Quelle est la couleur de ce chat ? (What is the color of this cat?)
* De quelle couleur est cette robe ? (What color is this dress?)