Here are some key concepts that relate to the idea of the soul in Hinduism:
* Atman: This is perhaps the closest equivalent. It refers to the true self, the essential core of a being, which is eternal and unchanging. It's often described as a spark of the divine within each individual.
* Jiva: This term refers to the individual soul, the embodied self that experiences the world. It's considered a part of the Atman, but limited by its connection to the physical body and mind.
* Purusha: This concept is more philosophical and relates to the ultimate consciousness, the source of all creation. It's considered the divine principle underlying the universe.
In addition to these, other related terms include:
* Antaratma: This is the inner self, the higher consciousness that resides within the Jiva.
* Brahman: This refers to the ultimate reality, the universal consciousness that encompasses everything. While not directly a "soul," it's the source and destination of all individual Atmans.
It's important to remember that Hinduism is a complex and diverse tradition with various schools of thought. The understanding of the soul varies depending on the specific philosophical system or devotional tradition.
Ultimately, the best way to understand the "soul" in Hinduism is to explore the broader concepts of Atman, Jiva, Brahman, and their relationship to each other.