Formal:
* നിങ്ങളുടെ മാതൃഭാഷ ഏതാണ്? (ningaḷude mathrubhāṣa ēthāṇ?) - This literally translates to "What is your mother tongue?" and is the most formal way to ask.
Informal:
* നിങ്ങൾ എവിടെ നിന്നാണ്? (ningaḷ evide ninṇāṇ?) - This means "Where are you from?" and can be used to infer someone's native language.
* നിങ്ങളുടെ നാട് എവിടെയാണ്? (ningaḷude nāṭṭu evideyāṇ?) - This means "Where is your country/hometown?" and can also be used to infer someone's native language.
* നിങ്ങൾ എന്താണ് സംസാരിക്കുന്നത്? (ningaḷ enthāṇ saṁsārikkuṇṇat?) - This means "What do you speak?" and is a more direct way of asking.
Remember:
* The best way to ask will depend on the situation and your relationship with the person you're speaking to.
* It's always polite to be respectful and avoid using slang or informal language when talking about someone's language or origin.