Formal:
* สวัสดีค่ะ/ครับ (Sa-wat-dee kha/krap) - This is a general greeting, meaning "Hello" or "Good morning/afternoon/evening" depending on the time of day. It's used for everyone, regardless of age or status.
* สบายดีไหมคะ/ครับ (Sa-bai-dee mai kha/krap) - This literally means "Are you well?" and is the most common way to ask "How are you?" Use "kha" for female speakers and "krap" for male speakers.
Informal:
* สบายดีไหม (Sa-bai-dee mai) - This is a more casual way to ask "How are you?" and is commonly used with friends and family.
* เป็นไงบ้าง (Pen ngai baang) - This translates to "How are things?" and is a more informal greeting.
* โอเคป่ะ (O-kay pa) - This is a very casual and slang way to ask "Are you okay?" or "How are you doing?"
Responding to "How are you?"
You can respond with:
* สบายดีค่ะ/ครับ (Sa-bai-dee kha/krap) - "I'm well"
* ดีค่ะ/ครับ (Dee kha/krap) - "Good"
* ไม่ค่อยสบาย (Mai kòi sa-bai) - "Not very well"
Remember to always use polite language and respectful tones when speaking Thai, especially with elders or people you don't know well.