What is the meaning of pakikisama in English?

"Pakikisama" is a Filipino concept that translates roughly to "smooth interpersonal relations" or "getting along with others." It's more than just being polite; it's a fundamental value in Filipino culture emphasizing harmony, cooperation, and avoiding conflict.

Here's a breakdown of what pakikisama encompasses:

* Social Harmony: It emphasizes maintaining a positive and peaceful atmosphere in social interactions.

* Respect for Hierarchy: It involves showing deference to those in positions of authority or older than you.

* Avoiding Direct Confrontation: Filipinos prefer indirect communication and may avoid expressing disagreement directly to maintain harmony.

* Reciprocity: There's an expectation of mutual support and assistance within a social group.

* Hospitality: Showing generosity and kindness towards guests is considered crucial.

While pakikisama is a positive value, it can sometimes be seen as hindering open dialogue and dissent. It's important to understand that it's a complex cultural concept with nuanced implications.