1. The "Rus'" as a Historical Group:
* Norse origin: The term "Rus" likely originated from the Old Norse word "Róþsmenn" (rowers), referring to Scandinavian Viking raiders and traders.
* Eastern Europe: From the 9th to 11th centuries, these Norsemen established themselves in Eastern Europe, particularly around the area of modern-day Ukraine and Russia. They formed a ruling class, and their name became associated with the region itself.
* Warrior Band: You're right, "Rus" often referred to these warrior bands that engaged in warfare and trade.
2. The Term "Rus" Evolves:
* Kievan Rus: The term eventually evolved into "Kievan Rus," a powerful medieval state that emerged around the city of Kyiv (Kiev). This state was a blend of Norse, Slavic, and other cultures.
* Identity: While "Rus" originally referred to the Viking warriors, it also came to represent a broader, more integrated identity of the people who inhabited the region.
* Language: The term "Rus" also influenced the name of the Russian language, although the connection is complex.
3. The Modern Meaning:
* Modern Russia: The term "Rus" is still used today to refer to Russia and its history.
* Nationalism: Some Russian nationalists use "Rus" as a way to emphasize the supposed ancient origins of their nation, focusing on the Viking element.
In summary: "Rus" originally referred to Viking warrior bands who came to Eastern Europe. Over time, the term became associated with the region itself, eventually shaping the identity of Kievan Rus and modern Russia. However, it's important to remember that the meaning of "Rus" has evolved over centuries and has different connotations for various people and groups.