For the country:
* Iberia: This is a geographical term referring to the Iberian Peninsula, which includes Spain and Portugal.
* The Spanish State: A more formal term, often used in official contexts.
* España: The Spanish name for Spain.
For the people:
* Spanish: This refers to the people, language, or culture of Spain.
For the language:
* Castilian: This is the official language of Spain.
Ultimately, the best substitute for "Spain" depends on the specific situation and what you want to emphasize.