Formal:
* Você quer casar comigo? (Formal, literal translation)
* Deseja se casar comigo? (More formal, using "desejar" which means "to wish")
Informal:
* Quer casar comigo? (Most common, informal, literally "Do you want to marry me?")
* Casa comigo? (Very informal, literally "Marry me?")
Romantic:
* Você aceita se casar comigo? (Formal, means "Will you accept to marry me?")
* Quer ser minha esposa/meu marido? (Means "Do you want to be my wife/husband?")
Remember to choose the option that best suits your relationship and the situation. You can also use a phrase like "Eu te amo muito e quero passar o resto da minha vida com você" ("I love you very much and want to spend the rest of my life with you") to express your feelings before asking the question.