2021年12月英语六级语法用法汇总
more than 与 less than 的用法
一、more than
1. more than 可放在数词之前，表示“超过;不止;以上”，用于此义时可与 over 互换使用。如：
Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet is covered by water. 整个说来，我们这个星球的表面有百分之七十以上为水所覆盖。
2. more than 可放在名词之前，表示“不只是;不仅仅”。
Hibernation is more than sleep. 冬眠不仅仅是睡眠。
Bamboo is used for more than building. 竹子不只是用于建筑。
3. more than 可用于形容词或副词前，表示“非常;十分”，与 very 同义。
She is more than careful. 她非常细心。
In class, he listens more than attentively.在课堂上，他听讲十分认真。
4. more than 之后接带有 can 的从句时，常表示“否定意义”。此时，从句中的谓语必须是及物动词，并且与句子的主语发生逻辑上的动宾关系。例如：
This secret is more than we can let out. 这个秘密我们是不能泄露的。(主语secret是let out的逻辑宾语。)
▲ less than 表示“不;很少;不到”，具有否定意义，接形容词、副词。
We were busy and less than delighted to have company that day. 那天我们很忙，不高兴有客人来。
The young man is less than twenty years old. 这个年轻人不到20岁。
二、more…than
1. 表示“与其……不如……”;“是……而不是……”，常可与 rather than 或 not so much…as 互换使用。
He is more like a spear than anything else. 与其说他(指大象)像别的什么东西，不如说他像一根梭镖。
= He is like a spear rather than anything else.
= He is not so much like anything else as like a spear.
He is more poltroon than cautious. 与其说他谨慎不如说他是怯懦。
2. more…than 之后接含有 can 的从句同样表示否定意义。
Tom has more insolence than I can stand. =Tom's insolence is more than I can stand. 汤姆的傲慢使我难以忍受。(见上面第一大条第4点)
▲ less … than 意思是“不像……;不是……”。
Joseph is less honest than his brother. 约瑟弗不是(像)他兄弟那样诚实。
三、no more than 或 not any more than
两者的意思均为“只有;仅仅;不过”(= only; just)。前者多用于书面语;后者常用于口语。
Abram Lincoln's whole school education added up to no more than one year. 亚伯拉罕·林肯所受的全部学校教育总共不过一年。
▲ no less than 意思是“不少于;不下于…之多;多达”
In that battle, we wiped out no less than twenty thousand enemies. 在那一次战役中，我们消灭敌人不下两万人。
四、no more … than 或 not … any more than
1. 表示“和……一样地不……”，意味着两者都否定，但往往着重说明前面的一个分句，其作用相当于 neither … nor。如：
Mary is no more diligent than Tom. = Neither Mary nor Tom is diligent. 玛丽和汤姆俩人都不勤奋。
2. 表示“不……正如……不……一样”，常用来加重说话者的语气。如：
We can no more leave the Party than fish can leave water. 我们不能离开党，正如鱼儿离不开水一样。
▲ no less…than 表示“(至少)和……一样”
He is no less active than he used to be. 他和以前一样活跃。
五、not more than
常用于数词之前，意为“至多;顶多;不超过”，其意义与 at (the) most 相同。
There on some hay on the ground lay a peasant boy of not more than seventeen. 地上的干草上躺着一个农家孩子，最多不过17岁。
▲ not less than 表示“不少于”，意义同 at (the) least。
Our school has not less than three thousand students. 我们学校的学生不下三千人。
六、not more …than
表示“不如……;不及于……”，语气常着重于后面的一个分句，常可与 not so / as … as 互换使用。
This story is not more interesting than that one. = This story is not so / as interesting as that one. 这个故事不如那个故事有趣。
▲ 严格说来 not less … than 的意思是“至少不比……差”，意味着或许还要强一些，但现在基本和 no less than 混用。
His English is not less than yours. 他的英语至少不比你的英语差。
更多内容请持续关注新东方网。
2021年12月英语六级语法常考知识点：more than
2021年12月英语六级语法常考知识点汇总
more than
a)接名词，意为“不仅，不止”，有and的意思。
He was more than a scientist, but was a poet.
他不仅是为科学家，还是个诗人。
b)接数词，意为“...以上”。
More than twenty people were injured in the accident.
20多人在事故中受伤。
c)接形容词，意为“非常，十分”。
He was more than pleased with her performance.
他对她的表演非常满意。
d)接含can的从句，意为“如此...不能;...得不”。
The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.
那地方美得无法形容。
e)接动词，意为“不仅是...而且还...”。
They decide to do more than talk about the rise of the cheating.
更多内容请持续关注新东方网。
2021年12月英语六级语法用法之rather than的用法
2021年12月英语六级语法用法汇总
rather than的用法
一、rather than用作连词，连接两个平行结构。既可以表示主观愿望上的决择，“与其…宁可…”，也可以表示客观程度上的差异，“与其说是…不如说是…”。例如：
1、接代词
1)I,rather than you,should do the work.
该做这工作的是我，而不是你。
2、接名词
2)John ought to go rather than Jean.约翰比琴更应该去。
3)I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想我该要一杯冷饮，而不要咖啡。
试比较：
4)We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.
有时候我们不吃土豆，而吃米饭。
3、接形容词
5)These shoes are comfortable rather than good-looking.
这鞋不好看可是舒服。
6)You are doing this for yourself rather than for your friend.
你不是为你朋友，而是为你自己做这种事。
7)I'd prefer to go in August rather than in July.我愿8月去不愿7月去。
5、接动名词
8)I always prefer starting early,rather than leaving everything to the last minute.
我总是愿意早开始而不愿意把所有事情都留到最后才做。
9)He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
他那时是在写信而不是看报纸。
6、接过去分词
10)She insisted on having the room papered rather than painted.
她坚持要用纸裱糊房间，而不是把房间粉刷一下。
7、接不定式(一般省略to)
11)I decided to write rather than telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话。
12)They prefer to die fighting rather than live in enslavement.
他们宁可战死，也不肯活着受奴役。
13)I prefer to work rather than remain idle.我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。
8、接谓语动词
14)He told a lie rather than get his friend into trouble.
他宁愿说谎也不愿连累朋友。
15)Shall we go for a walk rather than watch television?
咱们不看电视，出去散步，好不好?
16)He ran rather than walked.他跑步而不是步行。
rather than后接动词原形表示主观抉择，接一个动词的过去式则表示客观差异。
9、接从句
17)It was what he meant rather than what he said.
那是指他话中的意思，而不是他所说的话。
18)It was what he had caten rather than what he had drunk that made him ill.使他得病的不是他喝的东西，而是他吃的东西。
二、rather than用作介词
R.Quirk编著的《英语语法大全》p.1387明确指出：和as well as及instead of一样，rather than后面跟一个和母句中的动词形式并不匹配的ing分词分句时，它是介词，而不是准并列连词：
19)Their actions precipitated the war rather than averting it.
他们的行为促使战争爆发而不是避免战争。
20)Rather than a new car,he bought a colour television.
他买了一台彩电，而不是一辆新车。
21)Let's finish the job today,rather than leaving it till tomorrow.
让咱们今天干完工作，而不是留到明天。
三、rather than用作从属连词，引导一种优选分句。
R.Quirk在《英语语法大全》p.1540指出：优先分句主要用从属连词rather than和sooner than引导，用不带to的不定式作该分句的谓语动词：
22)Rather than go there by air,I'd take the slowest train.
我宁愿乘最慢的火车，也不愿乘飞机去那儿。
1) rather than此处是介词短语，意思是"与其"、"不是"，相当于instead of。如：
I think you, rather than Mary, is to be punished.
我认为该受惩罚的是你，而不是玛丽。
Rather than fish, well have fried eggs and meat for lunch.
今天午餐吃煎蛋和肉，而没有鱼。
The colour seems green rather than blue.
这颜色看上去是绿的，而不是蓝的。
I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute. 任何事情我总是喜欢早点做，不要到最后。
Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我要喝冷饮，不想喝咖啡。
2)rather than可以和would连用，如would rather…than…或would…rather than…这时要注意"平行问题，即其前后必须用相同的语法单位。如：
Id rather have the red one than(have)the green one.
我宁愿要红的，不愿要绿的。
Id take the slowest train rather than go there by air.
我宁可乘坐最慢的火车也不愿坐飞机去那儿。
He would rather walk than drive. 他宁愿步行不愿开车。
Id prefer to go in August rather than in July. 我愿八月去，不愿七月去。
Id call her hair chestnut rather than brown.
我宁愿说她的头发是栗色，而不是棕色。
【注意】I'd rather +动词原形，通常意为"我宁愿……"，相当于"Id prefer to…"，具有选择意义，即"宁愿做……不愿做"。但是，当后接动词like, enjoy, appreciate时，rather是一个程度副词，象quite和fairly一样无选择意义，所以Id rather like不是"我宁愿喜欢"，而是"我相当(很)喜欢"。试比较下列句子：
①"Id rather like a cup of coffee." "Oh, would you? Id rather have a beer. " "我很想来杯咖啡。""噢，是吗?我宁愿喝杯啤酒。"
②We would rather appreciate your help. 我们非常感谢你的帮助。
③Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? 你更愿意喝什么，茶还是咖啡?
④He would rather enjoy seeing a film on Sundays. 他很喜欢在星期天看场电影。
更多内容请持续关注新东方网。
From:https://www.zgghmh.com/CET-6/20007938.asp