mess up 把…弄糟;把…弄乱(或弄脏)
mess with 预,介入
neglect one’s meals and sleep 废寝忘食
neglect one’s duties 玩忽职守
keep...under (close) observation 对…(密切)监视
fall under sb’s observation 被某人注意到
escape observation 未被觉察,不为人所注意
mass observation 民意调查
by tradition 按照传统
true to tradition 名不虚传地
observe sb. do sth. 观察到某人做某事
observe sb. doing sth. 观察到某人在做某事
pattern oneself after 模仿(某人的)样子
pattern sth. on/upon 仿照…式样制造某物
penalty kick (足球)罚点球
penalty area 罚球区
on/under penalty of 受…处罚
pension sb. off 发给某人养老金令其退休
draw one’s pension 领抚恤金;领养老金
win popularity 得人心
lose popularity 失人心
be under pledge of secrecy 誓不泄密
make a pledge 誓,宣誓
plug in 给…接通电源，连接
plug away (at) 努力地干，坚持不懈地干
a preliminary trial 初审,初试
a preliminary exam 预考
preliminary remarks 开场白
press on 加紧进行
press sth. on sb. 把…强加于
From:https://www.zgghmh.com/CET-6/20006175.asp