英语四级频道为备考英语四级的同学们整理了2023年6月英语四级语法之同形异义词辨析(1)，希望可以为大家带来帮助，预祝大家高分通过大学英语四级考试。
2023年6月英语四级语法之同形异义词辨析(1)
1. Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has the quality of the programs. (2004.06)
A) lessened B) declined C) affected D) effected
2. Some plants are very to light; they prefer the shade. (2003.12)
A) sensible B) flexible C) objective D) sensitive
3. The author was required to submit an of about 200 words together with his research paper. (2003.12)
A) edition B) editorial C) article D) abstract
4. It is too early to say whether IBM's competitors will be able to their products to the new hardware at an affordable cost. (2003.09)
A) adapt B) stick C) yield D) adopt
5. The football game comes to you from New York. (2002.01)
A) live B) lively C) alive D) living
解题小贴士
1. 【C】
选项中有affect，effect，出题者正是看中了我们对这两个单词的认知度不够。affect意为"影响"(verb);effect意为"结果，作用，影响"(noun);lessen意为"减少，减轻";decline意为"下倾，下降"。正确答案为C，题目译文为："评论家们认为被大量广告控制的电视已经影响了节目的质量。"
2. 【D】
在英语中一个单词的形容词形式有很多变形，稍不注意，我们就很容易被它们搞糊涂，千万别掉进陷阱了哟!sense意为"见识，感觉"，加-tive表示具感觉性质的，意为"敏感的"，引申意为"灵敏的，感光的";加-able后意为"能够感到的，有意识的，明智的，有判断力的";flexible意为"灵活的，柔软的";objective意为"客观的，公正的"。所以正确答案为D，题目译文为："有些植物对光特别敏感，它们喜欢荫凉处。"
3. 【D】
edition表"版本"，paper covered edition平装本，hard copy edition精装本;editorial表"编辑的";article表"文章，论文";abstract表"摘要"。按题目意思来看，只有"摘要"才会是200字的。所以正确答案为D，题目译文为："作者不得不随他的研究论文交一份200字的摘要。"
4. 【A】
这一题的考点在adapt和adopt上，有些考生很难在短时间内区分出其意思，尤其是放在一起时。前者意为"适应，改编"，adapt to new conditions适应新环境;后者中间为"o"，让我们想到son，boy，所以意为"收养，采用"，adopt skills采用技巧，adopt children收养孩子;stick表"粘住，粘贴";yield表"出产，(～to)屈服"。正确答案为A，题目译文为："IBM的竞争对手是否能够以合适的成本使他们的产品去适应新的硬件，这件事情现在说还为时尚早。"
5. 【A】
这几个单词都是live的形容词，A中live是我们经常在电视的右上角看到的，表示"实况转播"。B中的lively虽以-ly结尾，但不是副词，而是形容词，表示"活泼的，真实的"，这一点提示了我们并不是所有以-ly结尾的单词都是副词，英语中有很多例外，如我们较熟悉的friendly"和蔼可亲的"，weekly"每周一次的"。C选项中alive，也表示"活着的，活泼的"，但通常情况下，以a-开头的形容词做表语的居多。以-ing结尾的形容词有正在进行着之意，所以living意为"活着的，有生命的"。所以正确答案为A，题目译文为："你观看的足球赛来自纽约实况转播。"
以上的五道真题不过是茫茫词海中的一粟。这些单词的典型特点就是极其相似，一不留神，就会中了出题人的招。不过换个思维来说，我们也可以将这些形似词做一个归纳，放在一起类比，这样还会帮助我们记单词。既破了出题人的招，又扩展了自己的词汇。
形容词构词规律：
形容词的后缀有很多，不同的后缀会有不同的含义，以下是后缀的基本含义，记住他们，再根据词根本身来猜测其引申含义：
-tive，表性质，与……有关，具有……性质的：talkative爱说话的，active积极的，decisive果断的
-ful，接名词后，表"充满……的，有……倾向的"：powerful强有力的，peaceful爱好和平的，doubtful令人生疑的
-able，接动词后，表"可……的，能……的"：eatable可吃的，bearable可忍受的
-ed，接在动词后，表被动含义：preserved受保护的
常考形容词系列单词：
sensible 有感觉的，明智的，有判断力的 considerate 考虑周到的
sensitive 敏感的，灵敏的，感光的 considerable 相当大(或多)的，值得考虑的
respectable 可敬的，有名望的 imaginative有想像力的
respected 受尊敬的，受尊重的 imaginable 可想像的，可能的
respective 分别的，各自的 imaginary 想像的，虚构的
respectful 恭敬的，尊敬的
雅典奥运会究竟花了多少钱?又给雅典带来了些什么?
Latest estimates of the costs of hosting the Athens Olympics put them at up to $10bn - a huge amount for a small country like Greece, once the poorest in the EU. The nation has pinned hopes of a successful future on the events being a showcase for a "transformed" country, attracting new investors and tourists alike. Mr Doukas admitted that total spending on the Olympics was certain to rise to more than 7bn euros (￡4.6bn) from an original estimate of 4.6 bn euros.
1. estimate: n. & v. 估计，估价 My estimate of his abilities was wrong. 我对他的能力估计错了。
2. transform: v. 转化，变化 political and economic transformation(n.)政治与经济变革
3. original: a. 起初的，原来的，独创的，新颖的 an original invention新的发明
【单词变形】origin(n. 起源)originality(n. 创意，新奇)original(a. 起初的，原来的)originally(adv. 最初地，原先)
1. We are interested in the weather because it us so directly-what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.
A) benefits B) affects C) guides D) effects
2. Some diseases are by certain water animals. (2000.01)
A) transplanted B) transformed
C) transported D) transmitted
3. Visibility was poor owing to the thick fog, and our plane had to make a
landing.
A) forced B) forcing C) forceful D) forcible
4. These problems are very , because I don't know what to do.
A) worry B) worrisome C) worriless D) worried
5. The house in which passed was the smallest in that large city.
A) imaginary B) imagined
C) imaginative D) imaginable
6. At the top of the hill we were able to see the full of the city.
A) expand B) extent C) expense D) extend
7. Many of the earliest into the United States established large plantations.
A) emigrants B) emigration C) immigrants D) migrants
8. Many years ago, a lot of factories were from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.
A) transferred B) transformed
C) transmitted D) transported
9. Petrol is refined from the oil we take out of the ground. (2001.06)
A) fresh B) original C) rude D) crude
10. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl, though they had three of their own.
A) adapt B) bring C) receive D) adopt
What kind of room has no windows or doors?
From:https://www.zgghmh.com/CET-4/20002038.asp