A trait or characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
Here's why this is the best description:
* Focuses on function: Adaptations are not just random traits; they serve a specific purpose in helping the organism thrive in its surroundings.
* Emphasis on survival and reproduction: These are the fundamental goals of any living organism. Adaptations help ensure that the organism can live long enough to reproduce and pass on its genes.
* Environmental context: Adaptations are always tied to the specific environment where the organism lives. What helps a desert plant survive won't necessarily help a rainforest plant.
Here are some examples to illustrate:
* A cactus's spines: These help reduce water loss in a dry environment.
* A chameleon's camouflage: This allows it to blend in with its surroundings and avoid predators.
* A hummingbird's long beak: This allows it to reach nectar deep within flowers.
It's important to remember that:
* Adaptations develop over long periods through natural selection.
* Not all traits are adaptations. Some traits may be neutral or even detrimental.
* Adaptations can be physical (like a beak shape) or behavioral (like migration patterns).