Sometimes the spelling changes:
* Adding -ing: If the word ends in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel (like "run"), double the consonant before adding "-ing" (running).
* Adding -ed: Similar to "-ing", if the word ends in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel, double the consonant before adding "-ed" (stopped).
* Adding -ly: Words ending in "-y" often change the "y" to "i" before adding "-ly" (happy - happily).
* Adding -er/-est: Words ending in "-e" often drop the "e" before adding "-er" or "-est" (nice - nicer).
Sometimes the spelling stays the same:
* Adding -s/-es: If the word ends in a consonant, add "-s" (cats). If it ends in a vowel, add "-es" (boxes).
* Adding -ful/-less: These suffixes usually don't change the spelling of the original word (hope - hopeful).
It depends:
* Adding -tion/-sion: The spelling might change depending on the base word (relate - relation, decide - decision).
It's important to remember:
* There are always exceptions to the rules.
* Dictionaries are your best friend! They can help you find the correct spelling.
Let me know if you'd like to see some examples of these rules in action! 😊