Masculine Noun (पुल्लिङ्ग)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative (प्रथमा) | गुरुः (guruḥ) | गुरुः (guruḥ) | गुरवः (guravaḥ) |
| Accusative (द्वितीया) | गुरुम् (gurum) | गुरुः (guruḥ) | गुरून् (gurūn) |
| Instrumental (तृतीया) | गुरुणा (gurunā) | गुरुभ्याम् (gurubhyām) | गुरुभिः (gurubhiḥ) |
| Dative (चतुर्थी) | गुरवे (gurave) | गुरुभ्याम् (gurubhyām) | गुरुभ्यः (gurubhyaḥ) |
| Ablative (पञ्चमी) | गुरोः (guroḥ) | गुरुभ्याम् (gurubhyām) | गुरुभ्यः (gurubhyaḥ) |
| Genitive (षष्ठी) | गुरोः (guroḥ) | गुरुणोः (gurunoḥ) | गुरूणाम् (gurūṇām) |
| Locative (सप्तमी) | गुरौ (guravi) | गुरुभ्याम् (gurubhyām) | गुरुषु (guruṣu) |
Explanation:
* Nominative: Subject of the verb.
* Accusative: Direct object of the verb.
* Instrumental: Used with verbs of action (e.g., "by," "with").
* Dative: Used with verbs of giving or receiving (e.g., "to," "for").
* Ablative: Used with verbs indicating separation (e.g., "from," "out of").
* Genitive: Indicates possession or relationship (e.g., "of").
* Locative: Indicates location or time (e.g., "in," "on," "at").
Important Notes:
* Gender: "Guru" is masculine (पुल्लिङ्ग).
* Stem: The stem of "guru" is "gur-", which is used to form the different cases.
* Sandhi: Sanskrit words often undergo phonetic changes (sandhi) when they are combined. For example, the nominative plural "gurūṇām" is formed by adding the plural ending "-ām" to the stem "gur-."
Let me know if you'd like more explanations or examples!