What does the Latin root sign mean?

You're likely thinking of the signum root, which actually means "mark, sign, token, signal".

Here's a breakdown:

* signum (Latin) - mark, sign, token, signal

* signa (plural of signum) - signs, marks, tokens, signals

This root appears in many English words, such as:

* signal - a sign or gesture that conveys information

* signature - a person's name written in their own handwriting

* designate - to indicate or appoint

* insignia - a badge or emblem worn as a mark of rank or office

* resign - to give up a position or office

* signify - to mean or represent

So, while it doesn't directly translate to "sign" in English, the signum root is essentially the foundation for that meaning.